ubuntu - ITNotes

Linux Package Managers Compared: apt vs yum vs dnf vs pacman

March 8, 2026

apt, yum, dnf, and pacman all install software — but the commands, config files, and behaviors differ significantly across Linux distros. This guide covers installing, configuring, and monitoring packages on Debian, RHEL, Fedora, and Arch systems with practical side-by-side examples.

Linux

Apache Virtual Host Configuration: Host Multiple Websites on One Server

March 8, 2026

Learn how to configure Apache virtual hosts on Ubuntu 22.04 to host multiple websites on a single server. Covers installation, virtual host setup, HTTPS with Certbot, .htaccess rewrite rules, and practical production tips.

Networking

How to Set Up OpenVPN Server on Ubuntu: A Practical Guide

March 8, 2026

Setting up OpenVPN on Ubuntu means building a PKI, configuring server certificates, and generating per-client .ovpn files. This guide covers each step with real commands and the practical details that documentation usually leaves out.

Networking

How to Set Up a DHCP Server on Linux: A Field-Tested Guide

March 7, 2026

A field-tested guide to setting up a DHCP server on Linux using dnsmasq for quick deployments and ISC DHCP for production environments. Covers static leases, multi-subnet config, PXE boot, failover, and monitoring tips learned from six months of real-world use.

Programming

PostgreSQL Installation and Basic Operations: A Practical Guide for Junior Developers

March 6, 2026

A step-by-step guide to installing PostgreSQL and performing basic database operations. Covers native installation on Ubuntu, creating databases and tables, CRUD operations in SQL, and connecting from Python — everything a junior developer needs to get started.

Linux

How to Configure Nginx as Web Server and Reverse Proxy on Ubuntu

March 6, 2026

Running an app directly on port 3000 works right up until you need HTTPS, multiple backends, or proper static file serving. This guide walks through configuring Nginx as both a static web server and reverse proxy on Ubuntu, covering server blocks, proxy headers, SSL with Let's Encrypt, and the monitoring commands you'll reach for after every deploy.

Linux

Linux Monitoring Tools: htop, iotop, and nethogs for Real-Time System Visibility

March 5, 2026

htop, iotop, and nethogs each target a different resource — CPU/memory, disk I/O, and network traffic per process. Here's how to use all three together to pinpoint performance problems before they escalate.

Networking

How to Set Up WireGuard VPN Server on Linux (Fast & Secure)

March 5, 2026

WireGuard is the fastest, simplest way to run a self-hosted VPN server — far less painful than OpenVPN or IPsec. This guide walks through server setup, key generation, peer configuration, and firewall rules on Ubuntu Linux, from a clean install to a working tunnel.