Linux - ITNotes

Linux Distro Comparison: Ubuntu vs CentOS vs Debian vs Arch

March 10, 2026

Navigating Linux distributions can be tough, especially when critical deployments are on the line. This guide compares Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, and Arch, providing clear insights into their strengths and weaknesses. Learn which distro best suits your production servers, development environments, or personal use, complete with practical setup examples and commands.

Linux

Automated Backup with rsync and cron: Stop Losing Data the Hard Way

March 8, 2026

Manual backup routines break down under real workload pressure — not from laziness, but from how humans actually work. This guide covers how to pair rsync with cron for a reliable automated backup system on Linux, including incremental transfers, SSH remote sync, versioned copies, and a production-ready script with logging.

Linux

Bash Shell Scripting for Beginners: Automate Your Way Out of Production Chaos

March 8, 2026

A bash scripting guide built around real production problems: disk alerts at 2 AM, services going down, logs eating your storage. Learn variables, conditionals, loops, and functions through a working health check script you can actually deploy.

Linux

Linux Package Managers Compared: apt vs yum vs dnf vs pacman

March 8, 2026

apt, yum, dnf, and pacman all install software — but the commands, config files, and behaviors differ significantly across Linux distros. This guide covers installing, configuring, and monitoring packages on Debian, RHEL, Fedora, and Arch systems with practical side-by-side examples.

Linux

Apache Virtual Host Configuration: Host Multiple Websites on One Server

March 8, 2026

Learn how to configure Apache virtual hosts on Ubuntu 22.04 to host multiple websites on a single server. Covers installation, virtual host setup, HTTPS with Certbot, .htaccess rewrite rules, and practical production tips.

Linux

LVM on Linux: Flexible Disk Management Without the Headaches

March 6, 2026

LVM (Logical Volume Manager) lets you resize Linux partitions live, add disks to an existing storage pool, and take point-in-time snapshots — all without downtime. This guide covers PV/VG/LV concepts and the practical commands that matter most in real-world server management.

Linux

How to Troubleshoot ‘Disk Full’ Error and Manage Disk Space on Linux

March 6, 2026

Linux disk full errors can crash your applications instantly. This guide walks through practical commands to diagnose disk usage, recover space fast from logs, Docker, and caches, and set up monitoring to catch problems before they escalate.

Linux

Linux chmod and chown: What 3 Years of Managing 10+ VPS Taught Me About Permissions

March 6, 2026

After managing 10+ Linux VPS instances over 3 years, I've seen sysadmins take two very different approaches to chmod and chown — and only one holds up under pressure. Here's the full breakdown: what works, what backfires, and the exact permission model I apply to every new server.

Linux

How to Configure Nginx as Web Server and Reverse Proxy on Ubuntu

March 6, 2026

Running an app directly on port 3000 works right up until you need HTTPS, multiple backends, or proper static file serving. This guide walks through configuring Nginx as both a static web server and reverse proxy on Ubuntu, covering server blocks, proxy headers, SSL with Let's Encrypt, and the monitoring commands you'll reach for after every deploy.

Linux

Linux Monitoring Tools: htop, iotop, and nethogs for Real-Time System Visibility

March 5, 2026

htop, iotop, and nethogs each target a different resource — CPU/memory, disk I/O, and network traffic per process. Here's how to use all three together to pinpoint performance problems before they escalate.